Bryson Burke Diamond Corporation: Diamond Exploration and Mining in Canada

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Earth's Crust
Earth's Mantle

What are diamonds made of? How are they related to volcanism? What are indicator minerals?

Magma and Emplacement

Up From A Hot Dense Broth

As kimberlite races toward the surface, it shears off portions of rock around its pipe, often creating a breccia.

RETURN

Roaring to the Surface

Pressures of 50 kbar are encountered at depths of 150 km or more in the earth. Usually at these depths, temperatures exceed 1,200 °C, except underneath the old stable Archean cratons, where temperatures are in the range of 900 °C to 1,200 °C at 150 to 200 km depth. These old cratons were formed more than 2.5 billion years ago and have since then been unaffected by a major tectonic events. The Archean cratons thus form the nuclei of the old continents. Diamonds have been formed underneath cratons for billions of years. Sudden, deep-seated volcanic eruptions can bring the diamond from depths of 150 to 200 km to the surface in kimberlitic pipes.